Cyclists and motorcyclists are vulnerable because they have little protection in a collision. The examiner is constantly checking whether you give them enough space, anticipate their movements, and check for them before turning at junctions. A moment of inattention can cause a serious incident.
The minimum safe passing distance for a cyclist is 1.5 metres at speeds up to 30 mph, and more at higher speeds. If you cannot give this much space safely, wait until you can. Passing too closely is intimidating, dangerous, and a serious fault on a driving test. Never squeeze past a cyclist in the same lane: they may need to swerve to avoid potholes or drains.
Cyclists often ride in the centre of the lane: this is called primary position and is a defensive riding technique. It prevents unsafe overtaking and keeps them away from parked car doors and drains. Do not pressure them to move over. Wait patiently and overtake only when it is safe and you can give plenty of room.
At junctions, cyclists may be in your blind spot or may filter past on your left. Always check your left mirror before every left turn. Cyclists may also be approaching from behind on the left at traffic lights. Signal early, check your blind spot, and give them time and space before turning.
Motorcyclists are faster and more agile than cyclists, but they are still vulnerable. They can accelerate quickly and may overtake when you do not expect it. Check your mirrors frequently and be aware of motorcyclists in your blind spots before changing lanes or turning.